Evaluative metering is called matrix metering in the Nikon world, honeycomb by Sony, ESP by Olympus, and segment by Pentax. By whatever name, evaluative metering works by dividing the image area into sections like those in Figure. The number of segments varies widely from one camera to the next [from 14 to 1005].
The meter reads the light value from each of these segments and averages them out to obtain the best overall exposure, which is the one that keeps the most information within the range the sensor is capable of recording, from dark to light. This is one area in which dSLR cameras really excel over their compact digicams. Because the dSLR sensor is much larger, it's able to record a wider range of light values
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